Deterministic Literary Publishing
A multi-layer provenance model for verifiable manuscript authorship on Polygon. Five smart contracts, four Merkle trees, and a five-layer provenance stack that makes literary works cryptographically undeniable.
5
Smart Contracts
4
Merkle Trees
56
Total Leaves
146
Automated Tests
14
Invariants
5
Provenance Layers
1
DOI Published
Why Deterministic Publishing
The Problem
Literary authorship is currently verified by publishers, agents, and legal agreements — all of which are mutable, disputable, and centrally controlled. An author has no cryptographic proof that a specific manuscript existed at a specific time in a specific form. Disputes about authorship, version priority, and intellectual property are resolved through litigation, not mathematics.
The Solution
Deterministic publishing creates a five-layer cryptographic provenance chain that makes manuscripts verifiable without institutional trust. Content hashes → Merkle roots → on-chain anchors → DOI registration → ORCID identity. Every layer is independently verifiable. The entire chain is anchored to Polygon's immutable ledger. Authorship becomes a mathematical fact, not a legal claim.
5-Layer Provenance Stack
Content Hash
SHA-256 of raw manuscript bytes — the content fingerprint
Merkle Root
4-tree Merkle architecture binding content, artifacts, images, and prompts
On-Chain Anchor
Polygon transaction receipt — immutable timestamp + block number
DOI Registration
Academic-grade permanent identifier via Zenodo (DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.18646886)
ORCID Identity
Author identity binding — ORCID: 0009-0008-8425-939X
4-Tree Merkle Architecture — 56 Leaves
Manuscript Tree
31 leaves75,000 words → 31 content blocks → Merkle root. Any single word change invalidates the entire tree.
Artifact Tree
5 leavesCover art, typeset PDF, EPUB, audio, supplementary materials — each hashed as an artifact leaf.
Image Tree
10 leavesAll visual content anchored independently — illustrations, photographs, diagrams.
Prompt Tree
10 leavesAI-assisted content provenance — every generative prompt preserved for transparency.
Super Root: All four individual Merkle roots are combined into a single super root hash — the complete manuscript fingerprint. This single hash, stored on Polygon, verifies every word, image, artifact, and AI prompt used in the work.
5 Polygon Smart Contracts
LiteraryAnchor
0x97f4...a90
Root-level content hash anchoring — immutable manuscript fingerprints on-chain
PublishingKernel (v1)
0x511c...3ae
First-generation publishing logic — manuscript registration and metadata
PublishingKernelV2
0xca9F...037
Enhanced publishing — multi-tree Merkle roots, batch operations, versioned artifacts
RoyaltyRouter
0x4416...461
On-chain royalty distribution — automated payments to author and collaborators
AuthorIdentity
0xB9ff...170
Sovereign author identity — ORCID binding, publisher credentials, reputation
Verification Suite — 146 Tests, 14 Invariants
Test Coverage
- ✓ 146 automated tests across all 5 contracts
- ✓ Merkle proof verification for all 4 trees
- ✓ Content hash collision resistance validation
- ✓ Royalty distribution correctness proofs
- ✓ Identity binding and ORCID verification
- ✓ Upgrade path testing (PublishingKernel v1 → v2)
14 Invariants
- ◆ Content hash immutability — anchored hashes cannot change
- ◆ Merkle root consistency — recomputed roots must match stored
- ◆ Author identity binding — only registered ORCID can publish
- ◆ Royalty conservation — total distributed ≤ total collected
- ◆ Version ordering — v2 publications reference v1 ancestry
- ◆ Timestamp monotonicity — anchor times only increase
- ◆ Tree structure validity — leaves count matches expected depth
Case Study — "The 2,500 Donkeys"
75,000
Words
293,550
Bytes Compiled
31
Manuscript Blocks
First full-length literary work published through the deterministic provenance pipeline. 75,000-word manuscript split into 31 content blocks, each independently hashed and assembled into the Manuscript Merkle Tree. All four trees anchored on Polygon with DOI registration through Zenodo.
Academic Registration
DOI
10.5281/zenodo.18646886
Permanent digital object identifier — Zenodo
ORCID
0009-0008-8425-939X
Sovereign author identity — globally unique
Polygon Mainnet · 5 Smart Contracts · 146 Tests · DOI Registered · ORCID Verified